동의보감- 내경편 권3-52 방광부(膀胱腑)

방광부(膀胱腑)
[동의보감 원문 링크]

방광膀胱은 비어 있어서 물을 받아들일 수 있으니 진액의 집[津液之府]이다. 위쪽 입구는 있지만 아래쪽 출구는 없다. 기해(氣海)의 기氣를 받아 변화시키면 소변이 나오고, 기해의 기氣가 부족하면 소변이 막혀서 잘 나오지 않는다.

방광은 아랫배 속에 있다. 《영추》중극혈은 방광의 모혈(募穴)로 배꼽 아래 4촌 되는 곳에 있다. 등에는 19번째 척추 아래 양 옆에 방광수가 있다. 이것들이 방광의 부위이다. 《동인》

수액이 소장에서 걸러져 방광 속으로 스며들면 포(胞)가 그것을 기화하여 소변으로 만들어 배설한다. 《내경》

방광이 비록 진액의 집[津液之府]이지만 진액을 받아 담을 수 있는 것은 포(胞)가 방광 속에 있기 때문이다. 《유찬》에, "방광은 포(胞)의 집이다"라 하였다. 《동원》

신(腎)은 골(骨)과 상응하기 때문에 주리(腠理)가 치밀하고 피부가 두터우면 삼초ㆍ방광이 두껍고, 주리가 거칠고 피부가 얇으면 삼초ㆍ방광이 얇다. 주리가 성글면 삼초ㆍ방광이 느슨하고, 피부가 팽팽하면서 솜털이 없으면 삼초ㆍ방광이 팽팽하다. 솜털이 고우면서 굵으면 삼초ㆍ방광이 곧바르고, 솜털이 드물면 삼초ㆍ방광이 뭉쳐 있다. 《영추》

방광에 병이 들어 열이 하초에 뭉치면 아랫배가 더부룩하여 괴롭고, 포(胞)가 뒤집어져 소변이 잘 나오지 않으며 광병이 생긴다. 방광이 차가우면 습담이 위로 넘쳐서 침을 많이 흘리고 소변이 찔끔찔끔 나오거나 자기도 모르게 나온다[遺尿]. 《입문》


[膀胱腑, the Bladder]

膀胱以虛受水, 爲津液之府. 有上口而無下口. 得氣海之氣施化, 則溲便注瀉, 氣海之氣不足, 則秘澁不通.
As an empty organ, the bladder can accept water and functions as the home of fluid and humor [津液之府]. It has an upper entrance but no lower exit. Once the qi from the sea of qi is transformed, urine is able to flow, if qi from the sea of qi is deficient, urine becomes blocked, and unable to flow.

膀胱在小腹之內. 《靈樞》中極二穴, 膀胱之募, 在臍下四寸. 在背則膀胱兪, 在脊第十九顀下兩傍, 此膀胱部位也. 《銅人》
The bladder is located inside the lower stomach. The acupuncture point CV3 is the alarm point of the bladder meridian (BL) and is located 4 chon below the navel. On the back, BL28 is located on both sides below the 19th vertebra. Such is the area pertaining to the bladder.

水液自小腸泌別, 汁滲入膀胱之中, 胞氣化之而爲尿, 以泄出也. 《內經》
Once water and fluid is filtered in the small intestines and absorbed into the bladder, the po (胞) transforms it into urine and excretes it. 

膀胱雖爲津液之府, 至於受盛津液, 則又有胞而居膀胱之中. 類纂曰, 膀胱者, 胞之室也. 《東垣》
Even though the bladder is the home of fluid and humor [津液之府], the reason it is able to accept and keep the fluid and humor is because there is po (胞) inside the bladder. The Classified Compilation on Nurturing Life said, "bladder is the home of po (胞)."

腎應骨, 密理厚皮者, 三焦膀胱厚, 麄理薄皮者, 三焦膀胱薄. 疏腠理者, 三焦膀胱緩, 皮急而無毫毛者, 三焦膀胱急. 毫毛美而麄者, 三焦膀胱直, 稀毫毛者, 三焦膀胱結也. 《靈樞》
Because the kidneys correspond with bone, if the interstices are tight and the skin is thick, the triple energizer and the bladder are also thick. If the interstices are rough and the skin is thin, the triple energizer and the bladder are also thin. If the interstices are loose then so are the triple energizer and the bladder; if the skin is right and has few soft hairs, the triple energizer, and the bladder are also tight. If the soft hairs are supple and thick, the triple energizer and the bladder are straight, and if there are few soft hairs, the triple energizer and the bladder are knotted together.

膀胱病者, 熱結下焦, 小腹苦滿, 胞轉小便不利, 令人發狂. 冷則濕痰上溢而爲多唾, 小便淋瀝或遺尿. 《入門》
If the bladder is diseased and heat is accumulated in the lower energizer, the lower abdomen feels bloated and distressed and the po (胞) is turned inside out which leads to difficult urination and manic psychosis. If the bladder is cold, the dampness-phlegm overflows which leads to drooling, dribbling urination, and/or enuresis.