동의보감- 내경편 권1-33[氣] 用藥法 용약법

用藥法 용약법
[동의보감 원문 링크]

《정전》에, 
"남자는 양이니 기(氣)를 얻으면 흩어지기 쉽고, 
여자는 음이니 기(氣)를 만나면 대부분 울체가 된다. 
그래서 일반적으로 남자는 기병이 적고 여자는 기병이 많다. 
그러므로 치료법에서 '여자는 혈(血)을 고르게 하여 기(氣)를 소모시켜야 하고, 
남자는 기(氣)를 고르게 하여 혈(血)을 길러야 한다'고 한 것이다"라 하였다.

《입문》에, "칠정(七情)은 모두 마음에서 생기고, 칠기(七氣)는 모두 기(氣)에 속한다. 
기(氣)는 양이라서 움직이면 화(火)가 된다. 
그러므로, 화(火)를 내리고 담(痰)을 삭히며 적(積)을 없애는 것으로 나누어 치료한다. 
대개 기(氣)가 허한 경우는 사군자탕을 쓰고, 기(氣)가 실할 경우는 소오침탕을 쓴다. 
화(火)가 많으면 황련해독탕처방은 상한문에 나온다을 합하고, 
담(痰)이 많으면 이진탕처방은 담음문에 나온다을 합하며, 
적(積)이 많으면 평위산처방은 오장문에 나온다을 합한다"고 하였다.

방씨(方氏)가, "기병에 기약(氣藥)을 써도 효과가 없는 것은 기(氣)를 간직하는 곳에서 기(氣)를 거두지 못하기 때문이다. 
폐는 기(氣)를 주관하고 신(腎)은 기(氣)를 저장한다. 
청목향원ㆍ목향순기환에 모두 파고지를 쓰는 것은 기(氣)를 승강시켜 신장으로 돌아가게 하려는 것이다"라 하였다.

六字氣訣 육자기결

간기는 '허(噓)'하고, 
심기는 '가(呵)'하며, 
비기는 '호(呼)'하고, 
폐기는 '희(呬)'하며, 
신기는 '취(吹)'하고, 
삼초기는 '희(嘻)'소리를 내면서 기르는데, 
그 방법은 입으로 내쉬고, 코로 들이마신다. 그러면 병이 없어지고 오래 살 수 있다.

간기를 기르기 위해 '허(噓)'할 때는 눈을 쏘아보듯 하고, 
폐기를 기르기 위해 '희(呬)'할 때는 양 손을 든다. 
심기를 기르기 위해 '가(呵)'할 때는 정수리에 손을 올려 깍지를 끼고, 
신기를 기르기 위해 '취(吹)'할 때는 무릎을 모아 감싼다. 
비병으로 '호(呼)'할 때는 반드시 입을 문지르고, 삼초에 열이 있으면 누워서 '희희(嘻嘻)'한다.

봄에는 '허(噓)'하여 간기를 기르고, 
여름에는 '가(呵)'하여 심기를 기르며, 
가을에는 '희(呬)'하여 폐기를 기르고, 
겨울에는 '취(吹)'하여 신기를 기르며, 
사계(四季)에는 '호(呼)'하여 비기를 기르고, 
아무 때나 '희(嘻)'하여 삼초기를 기르되, 절대로 귀에 들리도록 소리 내지는 말아야 한다. 《구선》

간병에는 크게 30번 '호(呼)'하고 10번 가늘게 '호(呼)'한다. 
심병에는 크게 30번 '가(呵)'하고 10번 가늘게 '가(呵)'한다. 
비병에는 크게 30번 '호(呼)'하고 10번 가늘게 '호(呼)'한다. 
폐병에는 30번 크게 '희(呬)'하고 10번 가늘게 '희(呬)'한다. 
신병에는 50번 크게 '취(吹)'하고 10번 가늘게 '취(吹)'한다. 
모두 좌우로 도인법을 한 뒤에 해야 한다. 《득효》


[用藥法]
[Instructions for Administrating Medicinals]

正傳曰, 男子屬陽, 得氣易散, 女人屬陰, 遇氣多鬱. 是以男子之氣病常少, 女人之氣病常多. 故治法曰, 女人宜調其血, 以耗其氣, 男子宜調其氣, 以養其血.
The Orthodox Transmission of Medicine (正傳) says, "When a male acquires qi, it is likely to dissipate because men are yang. When a female acquires qi, it is likely to stagnate because women are yin. Therefore, qi diseases happen seldom in men and a lot in women. Thus the treatment women should use is the balancing of blood to use up qi; whereas men should use the balancing of qi to nurture blood." 

入門曰, 七情總發於一心, 七氣總隷於一氣, 氣陽也. 動則爲火. 故以降火化痰消積, 分治之. 大槪氣虛, 四君子湯, 氣實, 小烏沈湯, 火多, 合黃連解毒湯方見傷寒, 痰多, 合二陳湯方見痰飮, 積多, 合平胃散方見五藏.
The Introduction to Medicine (入門) says, "The seven emotions come from the mind, and the seven qi all belong to qi. Qi becomes Fire when they move because they are yang. Therefore, the steps of treatment are divided into subduing Fire, alleviating phlegm, and removing accumulation. Generally, when gi is deficient, a Four Gentlemen Decoctionis used and when qi is excessive, a Minor Lindera and Aquilaria Decoction is used. When there is too much Fire, add a Coptis Detoxification Decoction. [The prescription is shown in the chapter Cold Damage]. And when there is too much phlegm, add a Syzygii Flos Relieve Stomach Decoction. [The prescription is shown in the chapter Phlegm]. When there is too much accumulation, add Calm Stomach Powder. [The prescription is shown in the chapter Five Viscera]."

方氏曰, 氣病用氣藥而不效者, 氣之所藏無以收也. 盖肺主氣, 腎藏氣, 靑木香元ㆍ木香順氣丸, 皆用破故紙, 所以使氣升降而歸於腎藏也.
Mr. Fang said, "If using qi medicine for a qi disease is ineffective, it is because qi storage cannot gather qi. The lungs govern qi and the kidneys store qi. The reason for using Psoraleae Semen (破故紙) for both an Aristolochia Formula and Aucklandia Smooth Qi Pill is to give rise to qi and to get it to return to the kidneys."

[六字氣訣]
[Six Kinds of Exhalations]

噓肝氣, 呵心氣, 呼脾氣, 呬肺氣, 吹腎氣, 嘻三焦氣, 其法以口吐鼻取, 能去病延壽.
When tonifing one's own liver qi, one should make the sound 'Heo (噓)'; when tonifing heart qi, one should make the sound 'Ga (呵)'; when tonifying spleen qi, one should make the sound 'Ho (呼)'; when tonifing lung qi, one should make the sound 'Hui (呬)'; when tonifing kidney qi, one should make the sound 'Chwi (吹)'; when tonifying triple energizer qi, one should make the sound 'Hui (嘻). If one exhales the qi with his or her mouth and inhales with nose, he or she will live longer without diseases. 

肝若噓時目爭精, 肺知呬氣手雙擎, 心呵頂上連叉手, 腎吹抱取膝頭平, 脾病呼時須撮口, 三焦客熱臥嘻嘻.
When one makes the sound 'Heo (噓)', he or she should glare; when one makes the sound 'Hui (呬)', he or she should raise the hands up; when one makes the sound 'Ga (呵), he or she should put the hands on the head with knuckled hands; when one makes the sound 'Chwi (吹)', he or she should hold the lap. When one makes the sound 'Ho (呼)' because of spleen disease, he or she must rub the mouth. When one has heat in the triple energizer, one must make the sound 'huihui (嘻嘻)' while lying down. 

春噓養肝, 夏呵養心, 秋呬養肺, 冬吹養腎, 四季呼養脾, 不時嘻養三焦, 切忌出聲聞於口耳也. 《臞仙》
In spring, one can make the sound 'Heo (噓) to tonify liver qi; in summer, one can make the sound 'Ga (呵)' to tonify heart qi; in fall, one can make the sound 'Hui (嘻)' to tonify lung qi; in winter one can make the sound 'Chwi (吹)' to tonify kidney qi; in all seasons, one can make the sound 'Ho (呼)' to tonify spleen qi; at any time, one can make the sound 'Hui (嘻)' to tonify triple energizer qi, but never make the sound loud enough to be heard.

肝病, 大呼三十遍, 細呼十遍, 心病, 大呵三十遍, 細呵十遍, 脾病, 大呼三十遍, 細呼十遍, 肺病, 大呬三十遍, 細呬十遍, 腎病, 大吹五十遍, 細吹十遍, 皆須左右導引然後乃爲之. 《得效》
When suffering from liver diseases, say 'Ho (呼)' loudly 30 times and then quietly 10 times; when suffering from heart diseases, say 'Ga(呵)' loudly 30 times and then quietly 10 times; when suffering from spleen diseases, say 'Ho (呼) loudly 30 times and then quietly 10 times; when suffering from lung diseases, say 'Hui (嘻)' loudly 30 times and then quietly 10 times; when suffering from kidney diseases, say 'Chwi (吹)' loudly 50 times and then quietly 10 times. Every voicing should be done after doing guiding-pulling exercises in both the left and right.